GPSR label: what to print, with examples
You need a GPSR label on your product and do not know what has to be on it.
Print four things: the maker's name, postal address, electronic address, and a type, batch or serial number. An importer adds its own details; where the maker is outside the EU, so does the responsible person. No logo, no template.
A GPSR label is information, not a symbol. Two things have to be on it: something that identifies the product - a type, batch or serial number (Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.) - and the manufacturer's name, registered trade name or registered trade mark with its postal and electronic address (Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). An importer adds its own name and the same two addresses, and its label must not cover the manufacturer's (Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). Where the manufacturer is outside the EU, the responsible person's name and contact details go on as well (Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). The product itself is the first place; the information moves to the packaging or to a document in the box only where putting it on the product is not possible (Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 9(6)). There is no GPSR logo, no prescribed layout and no approval.
Name, trade name or mark
Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
Postal address and an electronic address
Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
Type, batch or serial number
Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
What has to be on the label
Two duties, both on the manufacturerArt. 3(8)any natural or legal person who manufactures a product or has a product designed or manufactured, and markets that product under that person’s name or trademarkClick the term for the full definition, and they are separate.
One: an element that lets the product be identified, easily visible and legible for consumers (Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). A type, a batch or a serial number does it.
Two: the manufacturer’s name, registered trade name or registered trade mark, together with its postal and electronic address (Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). Where the manufacturer’s single contact point sits at a different address, that address goes on as well (Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
Nothing here is a format. Art. 9Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. asks for facts, not a symbol, a font, a size or a frame. No authority issues a label template, so the layout is yours to choose: any wording, any order, any typeface, as long as the facts are there and a consumer can read them.
Who prints what depends on the role you hold, and one label can carry two blocks.
| Role | What it must do | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Manufacturer | An element identifying the product - type, batch or serial number - easily visible and legible for consumers, plus its own name, registered trade name or registered trade mark and its postal and electronic address. Where the single contact point has a different address, that one too. | GPSR Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 9(6) |
| Importer | Its own name, registered trade name or registered trade mark, its postal and electronic address and, where different, the address of its single contact point - added without covering anything the manufacturer had to put there. | GPSR Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. |
| Responsible person, where the maker is outside the EU | Its name, registered trade name or registered trade mark and contact details, including the postal and electronic address, on the product or on its packaging, the parcel or an accompanying document. | GPSR Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. |
| Distributor | Prints nothing of its own. Checks that the manufacturer and, where applicable, the importer did their part, and stops selling where they did not. | GPSR Art. 12(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 12, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 12(3) |
| Anyone selling under their own name or trade mark | Becomes the manufacturer for GPSR, so the manufacturer row above is yours. | GPSR Art. 13(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 13, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. |
What the box and the listing have to carry, beyond the label itself, is GPSR labelling requirements. Whether GPSR reaches your product at all is the GPSR guide, with the same test in prose on the page on whether GPSR applies to you, and the full list of duties per role is what GPSR requires of you, by role.
Where the label goes, and when it may move
On the product. That is the default, and for most products it is the end of it.
The identifier moves to the packaging or to a document travelling with the product only where the size or nature of the product does not allow it (Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). The name and address move only where putting them on the product “is not possible” (Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
The Commission’s Blue Guide sets out the same order for Union harmonisation legislationArt. 3(27)Union legislation listed in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and any other Union legislation harmonising the conditions for the marketing of products to which that Regulation appliesClick the term for the full definition, and it is the clearest statement of what “not possible” means. The name and address “must, as a rule, be affixed to the product”, may exceptionally move “where affixing it to the product was not possible under reasonable technical or economic conditions excluding however esthetical reasons”, and then “as a first alternative the information should be on the packaging, as a second alternative on an accompanying document such as the instructions for use”. The Blue Guide is written for CE-marking law rather than for GPSR, so it is doctrine here, not the rule; the rule is Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. itself.
What counts as an “electronic address”
An email address, or a contact form on your website. Not your homepage, and not a phone number. The Commission’s GPSR FAQ asks the question and answers it: “‘Electronic address’ refers to forms of direct communication - e.g. email or contact form on a website. It does not include static websites or phone numbers.”
So a label carrying only www.example.com fails Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., and so does one carrying
only a customer-service telephone number. A postal address and an electronic address are
both required, together.
How an imported product carries two blocks on one label
The manufacturer’s own name and two addresses
Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
The product identifier
Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
The importer’s name and addresses, added without covering the maker’s
Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
An importerArt. 3(10)any natural or legal person established within the Union who places a product from a third country on the Union marketClick the term for the full definition indicates its name, registered trade name or registered trade mark, its postal and electronic address and, where different, the address of its single contact point. That goes on the product, or - where that is not possible - on the packaging or in an accompanying document (Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
The manufacturer’s block stays where it is. The same paragraph says an importer’s additional label must not obscure any information required by Union law on the label provided by the manufacturer (Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
Before placing the product on the market, the importer also checks that the manufacturer did its part under Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., and must not place the product until it has been brought into conformity (Art. 11(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 11(2)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). A missing manufacturer block is the importer’s problem before it is anyone else’s.
Who else goes on the label when the maker is outside the EU
Manufacturer, established outside the Union
Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
The responsible person’s name and contact details, postal and electronic
Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
Type, batch or serial number
Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.
The requirement is one sentence: the name, registered trade name or registered trade mark, and contact details, including the postal and electronic address, of the responsible person shall be indicated on the product or on its packaging, the parcel or an accompanying document (Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
That is looser than Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.. Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. lists four places on equal footing, with no “where that is not possible” ladder to climb.
The same details go into the offer wherever you sell at a distance (Art. 19(b)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 19, point (b)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). The Commission’s FAQ puts it in its own words: the EU-based responsible person “must be listed on the product packaging along with the manufacturer’s contact details”, and “this requirement also applies to distance sales and online offers”.
Responsible person, authorised representative and GDPR representative are three different things, and a marketplace, a customer or a freight forwarder may use any of the names. They are separated in EU authorised representative.
Which language the label has to be in
Any language. Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. set no language at all - they ask for a name, an address and an identifier, and those are not translated. The language duty in GPSR attaches to instructions, safety information and warnings, not to the address block.
Each EU country sets its own language rule. Germany, France and the Netherlands set it in three different places, and none of the three reaches the name, address and identifier block.
| Country | What the language rule says | Where it comes from |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | German for the instructions and safety information under Art. 9(7)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 7Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 11(4)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 4Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., the warnings and safety information under Art. 19(d)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 19, point (d)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., the information under Art. 21Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 21Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., and the warnings and safety information under Art. 22(9)(d)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 22, paragraph 9, point (d)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.. Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. are not on that list. | Produktsicherheitsgesetz § 6 |
| France | French on the documents handed to the buyer and on the instructions for use. The manufacturer’s name and address are not covered. | DGCCRF practical sheet on the use of French, restating the law of 4 August 1994 |
| Netherlands | No language named. Instructions and safety information go in a language Dutch consumers understand, which is the Regulation’s own test, and a QR code may be added on top. | NVWA, rules of the GPSR for manufacturers |
The German statute names the paragraphs it covers, one by one:
Bei Produkten nach Artikel 2 der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988 sind in deutscher Sprache abzufassen:
- die Anweisungen und Sicherheitsinformationen nach Artikel 9 Absatz 7 Satz 1 der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988,
- die Anweisungen und Sicherheitsinformationen nach Artikel 11 Absatz 4 der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988,
- die Warnhinweise und Sicherheitsinformationen nach Artikel 19 Buchstabe d der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988,
- die Informationen nach Artikel 21 Satz 2 der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988,
- die Warnhinweise und Sicherheitsinformationen nach Artikel 22 Absatz 9 Buchstabe d der Verordnung (EU) 2023/988.
Unofficial translation: for products under Art. 2Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. of Regulation (EU) 2023/988Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationThe whole regulationClick opens the law on the EU Publications Office., German is required for the instructions and safety information under Art. 9(7)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 7Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 11(4)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 4Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., the warnings and safety information under Art. 19(d)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 19, point (d)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., the information under Art. 21Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 21Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., and the warnings and safety information under Art. 22(9)(d)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 22, paragraph 9, point (d)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.. Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. - the name, address and identifier block - are not on that list.
The French sheet states the principle:
Le professionnel qui offre à la vente des produits a l’obligation d’employer la langue française sur les documents remis.
and, from the law of 4 August 1994:
pour utiliser un matériel à bon escient et garantir sa sécurité et celle de son entourage, il doit disposer de notices d’emploi et d’instructions rédigées en français.
Unofficial translation: a trader offering products for sale must use French on the documents handed over; and to use a piece of equipment properly and keep themselves and the people around them safe, the buyer must have instructions for use written in French. The object is the documents and the instructions, not the manufacturer’s name and address.
The Dutch guidance repeats the Regulation’s own test:
Lever producten met duidelijke instructies en veiligheidsinformatie in een voor Nederlandse consumenten begrijpelijke taal. U mag aanvullend op het product een QR-code zetten die verwijst naar een website met deze informatie.
Unofficial translation: supply products with clear instructions and safety information in a language Dutch consumers understand; you may additionally put a QR code on the product pointing to a website with that information.
What the paper in the box has to say, in these three countries and in the other 24, is EU user manual requirements.
Why a QR code is an addition, never a replacement
Economic operators may additionally make this information available in digital format, through electronic technical solutions clearly visible on the product or, where that is not possible, on its packaging or in an accompanying document (Art. 21Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 21Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). The article is expressly “without prejudice to Article 9(5), (6) and (7), Article 11(3) and Article 16(3)”.
The Commission’s FAQ answers it directly: “No, to fulfil the obligations of the GPSR solely digital labelling does not suffice”, and digital “must be in addition to the physical labels they provide”.
What happens if the label is missing
The product stops moving down the chain, and it stops before any authority is involved.
A distributorArt. 3(11)any natural or legal person in the supply chain, other than the manufacturer or the importer, who makes a product available on the marketClick the term for the full definition verifies that the manufacturer and, where applicable, the importer complied with Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., (6) and (7) and Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. and (4) before it makes the product available, and must not make it available where it has reason to believe they did not, until the product has been brought into conformity (Art. 12(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 12, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 12(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 12, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). An importer must not place it on the market at all in the same circumstances (Art. 11(2)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). A responsible person checks the same paragraphs regularly, where appropriate to the risks, and must be able to produce documented evidence of those checks on request (Art. 16(2)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.).
Penalties are national. Each EU country lays down the rules on penalties for infringements of this Regulation, and the Regulation requires only that they be effective, proportionate and dissuasive (Art. 44Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 44Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). What each country actually sets is on GPSR fines.
When another EU law sets the label
A toy, an electrical appliance, radio equipment, machinery, a medical device or a cosmetic has its own EU law, and that law sets the label instead of GPSR: the GPSR label articles do not apply to it (Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., Art. 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., switched off by Art. 2(1)(b)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 2, paragraph 1, point (b)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). Most of those laws ask for the same identifier and the maker’s name and address, and add a CE marking and set warnings. The EU model those laws are written from carries the same items (Decision No 768/2008/EC, Annex I, Art. R2(5), R2(6) and R4(3)). Where the law is on the list in Art. 4(5)Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Market Surveillance RegulationArticle 4, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex. of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, the EU operator’s name and postal address go on too (Art. 4(4)Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Market Surveillance RegulationArticle 4, paragraph 4Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). GPSR still covers the aspects and risks that law leaves uncovered (Art. 2(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 2, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.). Textile labelling and food have their own labelling regimes as well. What each of those six laws adds is on GPSR labelling requirements.
What you can skip
Sources
16 sources
- Annex I, Art. R2(5), R2(6), R4(3)Decision No 768/2008/EC - Annex I, Art. R2(5) and (6) and R4(3): the model provisions EU product laws are written from; identifier, manufacturer name and contact address, importer name and contact address on the product
- Art. 4(1)Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Market Surveillance RegulationArticle 4, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 4(4)Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Market Surveillance RegulationArticle 4, paragraph 4Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 4(5)Regulation (EU) 2019/1020, Market Surveillance RegulationArticle 4, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 - the EU-established operator for products under the acts listed in its Art. 4(5), and its name and postal address on the product
- Art. 3(8)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 3, point 8Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 3(10)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 3, point 10Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 3(11)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 3, point 11Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 3(13)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 3, point 13Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - definitions of manufacturer, importer, distributor and economic operator
- Art. 6(1)(d)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 6, paragraph 1, point (d)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - aspects for assessing safety, including the presentation of the product and its labelling
- Art. 9(5)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 5Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 9(6)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 9, paragraph 6Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - obligations of manufacturers: the product identifier, and the manufacturer's own name and addresses
- Art. 11(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 11(2)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 11(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 11, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - obligations of importers: verification before placing, and the importer's own label
- Art. 12(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 12, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 12(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 12, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - obligations of distributors: verify the marking before making a product available
- Art. 16(1)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 1Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 16(2)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 2Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 16(3)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 16, paragraph 3Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - responsible person: who must exist, the checks on the marking, and the marking of its own details
- Art. 19(a)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 19, point (a)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex., 19(b)Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 19, point (b)Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - distance sales: the manufacturer's and the responsible person's details in the offer itself
- Art. 21Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 21Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - information in electronic format: digital labelling is additional, never instead
- Art. 44Regulation (EU) 2023/988, General Product Safety RegulationArticle 44Click opens the article on EUR-Lex.Regulation (EU) 2023/988 - penalties: laid down by each EU country, effective, proportionate and dissuasive
- Commission guidance, not lawEuropean Commission, EU General Product Safety Regulation - Frequently asked questions: "Can manufacturers label products digitally only, e.g. with a QR code?" and "What is meant by electronic address?". Identical copy on the Italian Ministry of Enterprise site, accessed 2026-09-13
- Commission guidance, not lawEuropean Commission, "The Blue Guide" on the implementation of EU product rules 2022 (2022/C 247/01), sections 4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2 on indicating the name and address of manufacturers and importers - background doctrine for Union harmonisation legislation, not a GPSR-specific source. Accessed 2026-09-13
- National law, GermanyGermany, Produktsicherheitsgesetz (ProdSG) § 6 - the language of information, safety information, instructions and warnings for products under Regulation (EU) 2023/988. Accessed 2026-09-13
- National guidance, FranceFrance, DGCCRF practical sheet "L'emploi de la langue française", restating the law of 4 August 1994. Accessed 2026-09-13
- National guidance, NetherlandsNetherlands, NVWA "Regels van de GPSR voor fabrikanten". Accessed 2026-09-13